What is Hantavirus?
Hantavirus is a family of viruses carried by rodents, particularly mice and rats. In Europe and Asia, the primary concern is Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), caused by strains including Puumala, Hantaan, and Seoul viruses. The disease affects the kidneys and can cause serious complications if not treated promptly. With proper medical care, most patients recover fully.
Hantavirus Symptoms & Phases
HFRS progresses through distinct phases: the febrile phase (sudden fever, headache, back pain, abdominal pain, blurred vision); the hypotensive phase (blood pressure drop, possible shock); the oliguric phase (reduced urine output, kidney failure risk); the diuretic phase (increased urination, kidney recovery begins); and the convalescent phase (gradual recovery over weeks to months).
Transmission & Prevention
Hantavirus spreads through inhalation of aerosolized rodent excreta, direct contact with infected rodents, or rarely through bites. It does NOT spread person-to-person. Prevention focuses on rodent control: sealing entry points, using traps, wearing protective equipment when cleaning rodent-contaminated areas, and avoiding disturbing rodent nests.
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis is confirmed through blood tests detecting Hantavirus antibodies (IgM/IgG) and PCR testing. Treatment is supportive — there is no specific antiviral cure. Medical management includes careful fluid balance, dialysis for kidney failure, and monitoring of vital signs. Early hospital admission significantly improves outcomes.
Professional Information & Resources
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